In MARC field 043 is a geographic area code that has a hierarchy. http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bd043.html http://www.loc.gov/marc/geoareas/ An XML version is available for use in applications at: http://www.loc.gov/standards/codelists/gacs.xml "This document contains a list of geographic areas and their associated one-to seven-character codes. The list includes separate codes for countries, first order political divisions of some countries, regions, geographic features, outer space, and celestial bodies. The purpose of this list is to allow places reflected in the subject headings assigned to an item to be designated by codes in the MARC record for that item. The list contains 579 discrete codes, of which 51 are discontinued codes no longer valid for use." Sincerely, David Bigwood [log in to unmask] Lunar and Planetary Institute